Skip to main content

Flexoelectricity and surface ferroelectricity of water ice

Submitted by wwwadm on

Nature Physics, Published online: 27 August 2025; doi:10.1038/s41567-025-02995-6

Ice is not piezoelectric, despite the polarity of water molecules, but bending ice may produce electricity. This has now been experimentally demonstrated, with a flexoelectric coefficient comparable to that of common ceramic materials.