Nature Physics, Published online: 08 April 2025; doi:10.1038/s41567-025-02856-2
Second messengers are intracellular signalling molecules that relay environmental changes and prompt cellular responses. Through an information-theory framework coupled with quantitative experiments, the second-messenger molecule cAMP, in the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is shown to achieve information transmission rates of up to 40 bits per hour.
